Intelligence Between Intelligence And Psychometric Tests

Intelligence is one of the most heritable traits thus, people differ in intelligence ranges. Heritability estimates range from 25% to 40% in early childhood to 80% in adulthood. These ranges may be in specific domains but those who do well in one domain often do well in others, leading towards general intelligence. In order to measure and evaluate differences in intelligence, psychometric tests are used to cover cognitive domains. These cognitive domains are reasoning, processing speeds, executive function, memory, and spatial ability. A definition of intelligence that is prominently used by researchers is: â€Å"Intelligence is a very general capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill, or test‑taking smarts. Rather, it reflects a broader and deeper capability for comprehending our surroun dings ‘catching on’, ‘making sense’ of things, or ‘figuring out’ what to do. Intelligence, so defined, can be measured, and intelligence tests measure it well.† Investigation of the presence of genetic influences on general intelligence dates back to the nineteenth century, when Francis Galton published two papers concluding that mental abilities were transmitted by heredity from one generation to another15. Despite an intermittently hostile political reception, many studies since then — based principally onShow MoreRelatedThe Intelligence Theories Of Intelligence1695 Words   |  7 PagesIntelligence as defined by the Cambridge dictionary is the ability to learn, understand, and make judgments or have opinions that are based on reason.1 There is much debate and controversy on this subject and psychologists do not all agree upon a standard definition. Yet, one of the very first definitions of intelligence was developed by the ps ychologists responsible for the development of the first intelligence test, Binet and Simon (1905) who argued that the essence of intelligence is: ‘to judgeRead MoreWhat Is Human Intelligence?1105 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is human intelligence? This topic is always controversial and has been debated for over 2 centuries. For example, in 1921,the American psychologists Lewis M. Terman and Edward L. Thorndike debated about the the definition of intelligence, Terman stressing the ability to think abstractly and Thorndike emphasising learning and the ability to give good responses to questions. So we can see that, there is no standard definition of what exactly constitutes â€Å"intelligence† and different investigatorsRead MoreIntelligence: Nature or Nurture?1360 Words   |  6 PagesIntelligence by definition is â€Å"the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills† (Oxford Dictionary, 2014). However, many psychologists argue that there is no standard de finition of ‘intelligence’, and there have been many different theories over time as psychologists try to find better ways to define this concept (Boundless 2013). While some believe in a single, general intelligence, others believe that intelligence involves multiple abilities and skills. Another largely debated concept isRead MoreThe Concept Of Intelligence And Intelligence1343 Words   |  6 PagesThe concept of intelligence can be hard to define. The question is what are the characteristics involved in one’s perceived notion of intelligence. Most people can certainly provide examples or ideas of intelligence only in regard to people. Since the concept of intelligence seems to only be based of ideas and examples constructed from individual people, how valid the tests, given to children and adults, to measure intelligence? The assessment of intelligence from the past and present are factorsRead MoreStandardized Testing For Public School Systems1479 Words   |   6 PagesFor decades I.Q. testing has been seen as: controversial, insufficient, errorful, and unreliable when it comes to determining intellect. Used nowadays in standardized testing for public school systems as a way to measure their student’s â€Å"intelligence† in school and determine the federal funding for each school on a yearly basis. Many have seen this as unfair and wrongful of the government to try and measure something so intricate and vital to everyday living into simple numbers and figures. ThenRead MoreThe Key Reason Behind Therapists And Clinicians Performing Psychology1235 Words   |  5 Pagesassessments is to determine the specific characteristics that each individual possesses with regards to intelligence, skill, interests or preferences and the type of personality one has (Maloney Ward, 1976). In order to achieve this, therapists require to integrate an array of data that helps to converge the diverse knowledge areas for identification purposes . Psychometrics normally employ the use of tests in order to gain substantial data, which is sometimes perceived as laying more emphasis on technicalRead MoreThe Validity And Reliability Of The Measure1042 Words   |  5 PagesWechsler scales are a measure used to assess intelligence of people; as with any measure, it is important to evaluate the validity and reliability of the measure. Intelligence, for psychometric tests, refers to the innate overall cognitive ability. There are four versions of the Wechsler scales: the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th edition (WISC-IV; Wechsler, 2003) for children aged 6-16, the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence Revised for children aged 4 - 6 1/2 (WPPSI-R;Read MoreIntelligence, Cognitive, And Cognitive Psychology1543 Words   |  7 Pagesedu/pdfs/2001%20Emotions%20-%20Emotional%20intelligence.pdf). Intelligence is an example of cognition, and the ongoing debate on intelligence and how to measure it intrigued me i nto further investigation. Moreover, recent research has touched on whether intelligence is determined exclusively by genes or by the environment of the individual. Most definitions of intelligence are reflected by Intelligence Quotients tests, or IQ tests, which measure differences between mental processes between individuals. Alfred Binet is theRead MoreThe Interview Of Nicholas Lemann Essay872 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom the department of education, why not a sociologist? He also talked about how SAT was aa test opportunity scholarship for all Ivy League schools which I found insane. Then argued asking is our society obsessed with the SAT? the hysteria that we caused over just an exam, but again its not just an exam it’s the student’s education life depends on it. â€Å"The country spends tens of thousands of dollars on test prep, prepping for five years, I think that’s pretty irrational† said Nicholas. Two thing thatRead MoreIntelligence : Intelligence And Genetics1460 Words   |  6 PagesIntelligence and genetics. Introduction: For many decades psychologist have attempted to link intelligence to genetic traits and test the probability of intelligence of an individual. How does one define intelligence and what measurement scale is effective in measuring intelligence are problems scientist are facing when determining intelligence. Other factors to consider when testing and tracking intelligence is the environment, nutrition and nurture of an individual. If psychologist were able to